There is neither male nor female Theological reflections on Galatians 3:28 as a faith-based response to gender-based persecution Section Articles

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Published May 30, 2026
https://doi.org/10.46362/chevra.v1i1.107
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Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): CHEVRA: Indonesian Journal of Economic, Science, and Humanities

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Widjaja Sugiri
University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0676-2308

Abstract

Background: Gender-based persecution remains a pervasive issue globally, often rooted in cultural, social, and religious norms that reinforce inequality and discrimination. This article reflects theologically on Galatians 3:28, which declares, "There is neither male nor female," as a foundational text for responding to gender-based violence within religious communities.


Purpose: The study aims to explore the theological implications of this passage and how it can inform faith-based responses to combat gender persecution.


Method: Employing a qualitative research method, the study analyzes biblical texts, theological literature, and contemporary research on gender violence and religion.


Results: The findings reveal that Galatians 3:28 challenges traditional gender hierarchies and supports a vision of equality grounded in Christian faith, calling for active pastoral care, advocacy, and education within faith communities.


Contribution: This theological reflection contributes to the ongoing discourse on gender justice by providing a religious framework that empowers believers to resist and transform oppressive structures. Ultimately, the article underscores the role of inclusive theology and faith-driven action in promoting dignity, justice, and peace for all, regardless of gender.

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How to Cite
Sugiri, W. (2026). There is neither male nor female: Theological reflections on Galatians 3:28 as a faith-based response to gender-based persecution. CHEVRA: Indonesian Journal of Economic, Science, and Humanities, 1(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.46362/chevra.v1i1.107

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