Transformasi Liturgi Yahudi dalam Perjanjian Baru dan Relevansinya bagi Inkulturasi Gereja Kontemporer The Transformation of Jewish Liturgy in the New Testament and Its Relevance for the Inculturation of the Contemporary Church Section Articles

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Imron Widjaja
Yuniarti Batubara

Abstract

This article examines the liturgy and cultural rituals in the New Testament during the era of Jesus as theological and communal phenomena rooted in first-century Judaism. The study aims to analyze the relationship between Jewish ritual practices, the theological transformation effected by Jesus, and their relevance for the liturgical inculturation of the contemporary church in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative method based on historical-theological literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing New Testament texts, early Jewish traditions, the works of Flavius Josephus, and modern liturgical theology scholarship. The findings demonstrate that Jesus did not abolish the structure of Jewish ritual but transformed it toward a more Christological and soteriological meaning, shifting focus from external symbolism toward the formation of a community identity led by the Holy Spirit. This transformation subsequently influenced the worship patterns of the early church through practices of prayer, teaching, baptism, and the Eucharist as the core of apostolic Christian community life. The study also finds that liturgical inculturation in the Indonesian church context can be accomplished through the use of local symbols, language, and cultural expressions, provided they remain Christ-centered and do not deviate from biblical theological principles. This research contributes to the development of contextual liturgical theology by integrating historical analysis of Second Temple Judaism, Christological reinterpretation of ritual, and practical application for multicultural Indonesian congregations.


Artikel ini mengkaji liturgi dan ritual budaya dalam Perjanjian Baru pada era Yesus sebagai fenomena teologis dan komunal yang berakar pada tradisi Yudaisme abad pertama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara praktik ritual Yahudi, transformasi teologis yang dilakukan Yesus, serta relevansinya terhadap inkulturasi liturgi gereja kontemporer di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif berbasis studi literatur historis-teologis dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, dengan memanfaatkan teks Perjanjian Baru, tradisi Yahudi awal, karya Flavius Yosefus, serta literatur teologi liturgi modern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Yesus tidak menghapus struktur ritual Yahudi, melainkan mentransformasi-kannya menuju makna yang lebih kristologis dan soteriologis, dengan pergeseran fokus dari simbolisme lahiriah menuju pembentukan identitas umat yang dipimpin oleh Roh Kudus. Transformasi ini kemudian memengaruhi pola ibadah gereja mula-mula melalui praktik doa, pengajaran, baptisan, dan perjamuan kudus sebagai inti kehidupan komunitas Kristen apostolik. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa inkulturasi liturgi dalam konteks gereja Indonesia dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan simbol, bahasa, dan ekspresi budaya lokal selama tetap berpusat pada Kristus dan tidak menyimpang dari prinsip teologis Alkitabiah. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan teologi liturgi kontekstual dengan mengintegrasikan analisis historis Yudaisme Bait Kedua, reinterpretasi kristologis terhadap ritual, dan penerapan praktis bagi jemaat multikultural di Indonesia.

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How to Cite
Widjaja, I., & Batubara, Y. (2026). Transformasi Liturgi Yahudi dalam Perjanjian Baru dan Relevansinya bagi Inkulturasi Gereja Kontemporer: The Transformation of Jewish Liturgy in the New Testament and Its Relevance for the Inculturation of the Contemporary Church. Indonesian Journal of Service, 2(1), 95–117. https://doi.org/10.46362/ijs.v2i1.162

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